mclaurin v oklahoma summary

The amendment provided, however, that in such cases the program of instruction "shall be given at such colleges or institutions of higher education upon a segregated basis." 0000067006 00000 n Mr. Chief Justice VINSON delivered the opinion of the Court. %PDF-1.4 % The school authorities were required to exclude him by the Oklahoma statutes, 70 Okla. Stat. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents For Higher Education McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education Ballotpedia features 408,463 encyclopedic articles written and curated by our professional staff of editors, writers, and researchers. O'Gorman & Young, Inc. v. Hartford Fire Insurance Co. Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization, Planned Parenthood of Central Missouri v. Danforth, City of Akron v. Akron Center for Reproductive Health, Thornburgh v. American College of Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Ohio v. Akron Center for Reproductive Health, Ayotte v. Planned Parenthood of Northern New England. WebMcLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents 2,513 views Jul 7, 2016 29 Dislike Share Save OU IACH 2.33K subscribers In this lecture, professor Kathryn Schumaker reviews the Subscribe Now. An Oklahoma law permitted Black 4039. Users agree not to download, copy, modify, sell, lease, rent, reprint, or otherwise distribute these materials, or to link to these materials on another web site, without authorization of the Oklahoma Historical Society. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, 339 U.S. 637 (1950). [ Footnote 1 ] The amendment adds the following proviso to each of the sections relating to mixed schools: Provided, that the provisions of this Section shall not apply to programs of instruction leading to a particular degree given at State owned or operated colleges or institutions of higher education of this State established for and/or used by the white race, where such programs of instruction leading to a particular degree are not given at colleges or institutions of higher education of this State established for and/or used by the colored race; provided further, that said programs of instruction leading to a particular degree shall be given at such colleges or institutions of higher education upon a segregated basis. 70 Okla. Stat. Gaines v. Canada, 305 U.S. 337 (1938), and Sipuel v. Board of Regents, 332 U.S. 631 (1948), a statutory three-judge District Court held that the State had a Constitutional duty to provide him with the education he sought as soon as it provided that education for applicants of any other group. WebIn McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, McLaurin argued that the Fourteenth Amendment was being violated by how they were being treated. The decision in this case was made in conjunction with Sweatt v. Painter and later influenced the decision in Brown v. Board of Education.[1]. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. McLaurin had to sit at a separate table in classrooms, the library, and the cafeteria. Such restrictions impair and inhibit his ability to study, to engage in discussions and exchange views with other students, and, in general, to learn his profession. WebMcLaurin v. Okla. State Regents for Higher Educ. There is a vast differencea Constitutional differencebetween restrictions imposed by the state which prohibit the intellectual commingling of students, and the refusal of individuals to commingle where the state presents no such bar. It further held that to the extent the Oklahoma statutes denied him admission they were unconstitutional and void. Such restrictions impair and inhibit his ability to study, to engage in discussions and exchange views with other students, and, in general, to learn his profession. (1950) McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents - blackpast.org In McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, 339 U.S. 637, 70 S.Ct. Appellant filed a complaint requesting injunctive relief, alleging that the action of the school authorities and the statutes upon which their action was based were unconstitutional and deprived him [339 U.S. 637, 639] of the equal protection of the laws. 1149], the Court, in requiring that a Negro admitted to a white graduate school be treated like all other students, again resorted to intangible considerations: " his ability to study, to engage in discussions and exchange views with other students, and, in general, to learn his profession.". Forego a bottle of soda and donate its cost to us for the information you just learned, and feel good about helping to make it available to everyone. That court held that such treatment did not violate the provisions of the Fourteenth Amendment and denied the motion. Tech: Matt Latourelle Ryan Burch Kirsten Corrao Beth Dellea Travis Eden Tate Kamish Margaret Kearney Eric Lotto Joseph Sanchez. There is a vast differencea Constitutional differencebetween restrictions imposed by the state which prohibit the intellectual commingling of students, and the refusal of individuals to commingle where the state presents no such bar. p\!Y.Ebt9/ z ^tGG"w N8f,SYU*Vn/ 1149 (1950), the petitioner, who was black, was admitted to the state's formerly white only graduate school, but was compelled to sit in a "colored only" row in the classroom, a "colored only" table in the library and a "colored only" table for meals in the cafeteria. But at the very least, the state will not be depriving appellant of the opportunity to secure acceptance by his fellow students on his own merits. Please select which sections you would like to print: Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. 526 (1948) McLAURIN v. OKLAHOMA STATE REGENTS FOR HIGHER EDUCATION et al. Peer interaction is a vital element in obtaining a good education, and McLaurin was being deprived of that right through segregation. rG' WebO'Connor. Robert L. Carter and Amos T. Hall argued the cause for appellant. Since McLauren did not have access to this aspect of his education, he was being denied an equal education to that of his peers. 0000005065 00000 n In apparent conformity with the amendment, his admission was made subject to such rules and regulations as to segregation as the President of the University shall consider to afford to Mr. G. W. McLaurin substantially equal educational opportunities as are afforded to other persons seeking the same education in the Graduate College, a condition which does not appear to have been withdrawn. . The case McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents began when the University of Oklahoma denied George McLaurin into its graduate program because of his race. WebGeorge W. McLaurin was an Oklahoma citizen and an African-American. These factors are elemental to robust education. 34. Photo by Joe Ravi (CC-BY-SA 3.0) Appellant, a The result is that appellant is handicapped in his pursuit of effective graduate instruction. Susan Cianci Salvatore (September 1, 2001), U.S. District Court for the Western District of Oklahoma, Post Office, Courthouse, and Federal Office Building, NCAA v. Board of Regents of the University of Oklahoma, Sipuel v. Board of Regents of the University of Oklahoma, List of landmark African-American legislation, List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 339, public domain material from this U.S government document, National Historic Landmark Nomination: Bizzell Library, University of Oklahoma, Center for Analysis and Prediction of Storms, Cooperative Institute for Mesoscale Meteorological Studies, Julian P. Kanter Political Commercial Archive, Gaylord College of Journalism and Mass Communication, College of Atmospheric and Geographic Sciences, Weitzenhoffer Family College of Fine Arts. The U.S. Supreme Court heard McLaurin's appeal in April 1950 and in June unanimously reversed the lower court. The amendment provided, however, that in such cases the program of instruction 'shall be given at such colleges or institutions of higher education upon a segregated basis. In this case, we are faced with the question whether a state may, after admitting a student to graduate instruction in its state university, afford him different treatment from other students solely because of his race. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. Sweatt v. Painter | law case | Britannica The Supreme Court made this decision unanimously in 1950. Discover the ruling of this important court case of 1950. Segregating a population also segregates the experiences and voices of that population. To remove these conditions, appellant filed a motion to modify the order and judgment of the District Court. , nor was it intended to enforce social equality between classes and races." In the interval between the decision of the court below and the hearing in this Court, the treatment afforded appellant was altered. The following state regulations pages link to this page. 339 U. S. 640-641. He may wait in line in the cafeteria and there stand and talk with his fellow students, but while he eats he must remain apart. At that time, his application was denied, solely because of his race. Our society grows increasingly complex, and our need for trained leaders increases correspondingly. US Supreme Court Opinions and Cases | FindLaw McLaurin won the right to attend the University of Oklahoma; however, Oklahoma simply amended its laws to say that while African Americans could attend white institutions, they must be segregated. WebMcLaurin v Oklahoma showed how the "separate but equal" provision can still be manipulated in a way that discriminates against individuals on the basis of race. Ablack citizen of Oklahoma possessing a master's degree was admitted to the Graduate School of the state-supported University of Oklahoma as a candidate for a doctorate in education and was permitted to use the same classroom, library and cafeteria as white students. Although the court declared that the statute allowing officials to deny the student admission to the program was null and void, it refused to grant his request for an injunction, assuming that officials would follow the constitutional mandate in its order. Our society grows increasingly complex, and our need for trained leaders increases correspondingly. 87 F. Supp. Held: The conditions under which appellant is required to receive his education deprive him of his personal and present right to the equal protection of the laws; and the Fourteenth Amendment precludes such differences in treatment by the State based upon race. P. 642. Corrections? WebMcLAURIN v. OKLAHOMA DEPT. 851, 94 L.Ed. Possessing a Master's degree, he applied for admission to the University of Oklahoma in order to pursue studies and courses leading to a Doctorate in Education. 299, 92 L.Ed. The Court held that it was unconstitutional under the "equal protection clause" of the Fourteenth Amendment to deny McLaurin an equal education to the one his white peers were receiving. Plessy v. Ferguson (1941) 455, 456, 457, which made it a misdemeanor to maintain or operate, teach or attend a school at which both whites and Negroes are enrolled or taught. Fred Hansen, First Assistant Attorney General of Oklahoma, argued the cause for appellees. McLaurin won the right to attend the University of Oklahoma without being segregated in any way from his peers. McLaurin v. Oklahoma ( 1950 The court summarily dismissed this argument, noting that the treatment set the plaintiff apart from other students, because he was still restricted as to where he could sit. She is certified in English and Special Education. With him on the brief was Mac Q. Williamson, Attorney General. The ruling in McLaurin had major ramifications for both parties and went on to set a new precedent regarding segregation, especially with how it pertained to education. His opinion for the court in 1947 upheld the power of the federal courts to enjoin a strike in coal mines then under control of the federal government. 854] the Supreme Court struck down "restrictions imposed by the state which prohibit the intellectual commingling of students," not social commingling or commingling generally. MR. CHIEF JUSTICE VINSON delivered the opinion of the Court. United States District Court W. D. Our society grows increasingly complex, and our need for trained leaders increases correspondingly. It is said that the separations imposed by the State in this case are in form merely nominal. Box v. Planned Parenthood of Indiana and Kentucky, Inc. Monell v. Department of Social Services of the City of New York, Will v. Michigan Department of State Police, Inyo County v. Paiute-Shoshone Indians of the Bishop Community, Fitzgerald v. Barnstable School Committee. 526 (W.D. Appellant is a Negro citizen of Oklahoma. The following (as per The Chicago Manual of Style, 17th edition) is the preferred citation for articles:Alfred L. Brophy, McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents (1950), The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture, https://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=MC034. v McLaurin v. Oklahoma was one of the cases that helped to overturn Plessy v. Ferguson. The Power of Precedent - Separate Is Not Equal - National In 1950 a unanimous Supreme Court ruled that McLaurin had not received equal treatment as required by the Constitution. Their own education and development will necessarily suffer to the extent that his training is unequal to that of his classmates. With them on the brief were Thurgood [339 U.S. 637, 638] Marshall and Frank D. Reeves. (a) The restrictions imposed upon appellant impair and inhibit his ability to study, to engage in discussions and exchange views with other students, and, in general, to learn his profession. 87 F. Supp. This precedent would be echoed in the 1954 case Brown v. Board of Education, which ruled that it was unconstitutional to segregate public schools. basing his argument on the Fourteenth Amendment. Mr. Fred Hansen, Oklahoma City, Okl., for appellees. Oklahoma had recently passed laws that made it illegal for black and white students to integrate or for black teachers to teach white students and vice versa. 0000001634 00000 n Pursuant to a requirement of state law that the instruction of Negroes in institutions of higher education be upon a segregated basis, however, he was assigned to a seat in the classroom in a row specified for Negro students, was assigned to a special table in the library, and, although permitted to eat in the cafeteria at the same time as other students, was assigned to a special table there. 1161, 3 A.L.R.2d 441. In McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education, 339 U.S. 637, 70 S.Ct. Contractors of America v. Jacksonville, Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. Oklahoma State Regents . He was solicited by the Comite des Citoyens (Committee of Citizens), a group of New Orleans residents who sought to repeal the Act. To remove these conditions, appellant filed a motion to modify the order and judgment of the District Court. The primary purpose of the 14th Amendment was to extend rights and protections found in the Constitution to the states. Copyright to all articles and other content in the online and print versions of The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History is held by the Oklahoma Historical Society (OHS). In McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, 339 U.S. 637, 640, 70 S.Ct. The judgment below is reversed, p. 339 U. S. 642. - Biography, Facts, Quotes & Accomplishments, Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community. Make your practice more effective and efficient with Casetexts legal research suite. Such restrictions impair and inhibit his ability to study, to engage in discussions and exchange views with other students, and, in general, to learn his profession. He had to sit by himself in a separate section of the classroom, sit at a separate desk in the library, and sit at a different table (and sometimes eat at different times) from the rest of the students in the cafeteria. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, an important case leading up to the U.S. Supreme Court's 1954 decision in Brown v. Board of Education, struck down the Oklahoma statute that mandated 0000004461 00000 n 232, 83 L.Ed. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents | Study.com (b) That appellant may still be set apart by his fellow students and may be in no better position when these restrictions are removed is irrelevant, for there is a constitutional difference between restrictions imposed by the State which prohibit the intellectual commingling of students and the refusal of students to commingle where the State presents no such bar. [1], Our society grows increasingly complex, and our need for trained leaders increases correspondingly. Research: Josh Altic Vojsava Ramaj See Sweatt v. Painter, ante, p. 629. Different treatment of students in public institutions of higher learning solely on the basis of race violates the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment. Santa Clara County v. Southern Pacific Railroad Co. Harper v. Virginia State Board of Elections, San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez, Massachusetts Board of Retirement v. Murgia, New York City Transit Authority v. Beazer. Name Meaning Pitts Linda Joan 1 English: variant of Pitt .2 Americanized spelling of German Pitz . Pp. In McLaurin, the Supreme Court found that an African-American student should be admitted to a white graduate school, and be treated like other students, because of the importance of his "ability to study, to engage in discussions and exchange views with other students, and in general to learn his profession.". 34. Mark Tushnet, Making Civil Rights Law: Thurgood Marshall and the Supreme Court, 19361961 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1994). McLaurin decided to file a suit under the assertion that the conditions under which he was required to receive his education deprived him of his personal right to the equal protection of the laws; and the Fourteenth Amendment eliminates racially biased treatment by the State (638-642). WebOn January 14, 1946, the petitioner, a Negro, concededly qualified to receive the professional legal education offered by the State, applied for admission to the School of Law of the University of Oklahoma, the only institution for legal education supported and maintained by the taxpayers of the Oklahoma. Therefore, the Court ruled that higher institutions such as colleges and universities were prohibited from practicing segregation, as it violated equal protection in an educational setting. Argued April 3-4, 1950. 851, 94 L.Ed. 87 F. Supp. D G zmS& endstream endobj 28 0 obj<>stream Heyne v. Metropolitan Nashville Public Schools. The removal of the state restrictions will not necessarily abate individual and group predilections, prejudices and choices. Appellant, a Negro citizen of Oklahoma possessing a master's degree, was admitted to the Graduate School of the state-supported University of Oklahoma as a candidate for a doctorate in education and was permitted to use the same classroom, library and cafeteria as white students. At that time, his application was denied, solely because of his race. It may be argued that appellant will be in no better position when these restrictions are removed, for he may still be set apart by his fellow students. Pursuant to a requirement of state law that the instruction of Negroes in institutions of higher education be "upon a segregated basis," however, he was assigned to a seat in the classroom in a row specified for Negro students, was assigned to a special table in the library, and, although permitted to eat in the cafeteria at the same time as other students, was assigned to a special table there. The judgment is reversed. Okla. 1948) U.S. District Court for the Western District of Oklahoma - 87 F. Supp. [2][3] The case was heard in Oklahoma City at the Post Office, Courthouse, and Federal Office Building. Can a state treat a student differently from other students solely because of race? WebBoard of Regents of the University of Oklahoma, 332 U.S. 631; cf. In McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, 339 U.S. 637, 70 S.Ct. Citing our decisions in Missouri ex rel. 0000067207 00000 n Decided June 5, 1950. On appeal, the Supreme Court focused on the question of whether officials could treat a student at a state university differently from other students based solely on his race. McLaurin opened the door through which other landmark cases that abolished segregation could enter. Thus he was required to sit apart at a designated desk in an anteroom adjoining the classroom; to sit at a designated desk on the mezzanine floor of the library, but not to use the desks in the regular reading room; and to sit at a designated table and to eat at a different time from the other students in the school cafeteria. Appellant's case represents perhaps the epitome of that need, for he is attempting to obtain an advanced degree in education, to become, by definition, a leader and trainer of others. McLaurin filed an injunction in federal court with the argument that the University of Oklahoma had denied him his rights under the Fourteenth Amendment. The student filed a complaint for injunctive relief, claiming that the statute was unconstitutional because it deprived him of equal protection of the laws. This appeal followed. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents | Case Brief, Summary ODDEsDLf%aZ:!}]z'zb;B.MVe'}p`ZXH],VKy(x4~WPr$/~!8snJs^tdL5@0q.EtL vHe]}q|M-8-(%Ys1rC"sm,v9gs:th~ }rr^b+ENtNPt!\>\* \j s (zPxGJULk[ `C%^Tr Village of Arlington Heights v. Metropolitan Housing Development Corp. Regents of the University of California v. Bakke, Crawford v. Los Angeles Board of Education, Board of Education of Oklahoma City v. Dowell, Northeastern Fla. Chapter, Associated Gen. His case set a precedent through which may laws regarding segregation were struck down. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents (1950) was a case regarding higher education that was decided by the United States Supreme Court saying that colleges and universities could not segregate students under the Fourteenth Amendment. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents for Higher 0000000836 00000 n To remove these conditions, appellant filed a motion to modify the order and judgment of the District Court. Their own education and development will necessarily suffer to the extent that his training is unequal to that of his classmates. Appellant is a Negro citizen of Oklahoma. In this case, we are faced with the question whether a state may, after admitting a student to graduate instruction in its state university, afford him different treatment from other students solely because of his race. Create your account. This appeal followed. Oklahoma. Even so, the court retained jurisdiction of the case in order to provide the student with equal protection of the laws with regard to his education. McLaurin (plaintiff) was a Black citizen of Oklahoma. Linda Joan Pitts (19451977) FamilySearch 0000062723 00000 n WebMcLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents is a case that was decided on June 5, 1950, by the United States Supreme Court holding that a state cannot treat a student differently on the basis of race. In a 9-0 decision, The United States Supreme Court ruled for McLaurin and against the State of Oklahoma. The removal of the state restrictions will not necessarily abate individual and group predilections, prejudices and choices. [3], McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents established that the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment prohibited states from treating students differently on the basis of race. Accordingly, the high court reversed the decision of the U.S. District Court, requiring the University of Oklahoma to remove the restrictions under which McLaurin was attending the institution. In the McLaurin case, the U.S. Supreme Court found that the University of Oklahoma had violated the equal protection clause because the experience needed for a good education could not be accomplished by physically separating McLaurin. McLaurin uses the same classroom, library and cafeteria as students of other races; there is no indication that the seats to which he is assigned in these rooms have any disadvantage [339 U.S. 637, 641] of location. These restrictions were obviously imposed in order to comply, as nearly as could be, with the statutory requirements of Oklahoma. 526, that the State had a constitutional duty to provide him with the education he sought as soon as it provided that education for applicants of any other group. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents is a case that was decided on June 5, 1950, by the United States Supreme Court holding that a state cannot treat a student differently on the basis of race. Vinson contended that separating McLaurin from other students would hinder his ability to succeed in achieving higher education. 0000071278 00000 n In McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, 339 U.S. 637, 70 S.Ct. He wanted to have an education that was similar to his peers. He is now assigned to a seat in the classroom in a row specified for colored students; he is assigned to a table in the library on the main floor; and he is permitted to eat at the same time in the cafeteria as other students, although here again he is assigned to a special table. 70 Okla.Stat.Ann. It is said that the separations imposed by the State in this case are in form merely nominal. The Court concluded that the conditions under which appellant were required to receive his education deprived him of his personal and present rights to the equal protection of the laws. We hold that under these circumstances the Fourteenth Amendment precludes differences in treatment by the state based upon race. Chief Justice Frederick Vinson delivered the opinion of the court. Appellant filed a complaint requesting injunctive relief, alleging that the action of the school authorities and the statutes upon which their action was based were unconstitutional and deprived him of the equal protection of the laws. It was not until 1950 that the Supreme Court ruled that the treatment must be equal between White and African American students. The result is that appellant is handicapped in his pursuit of effective graduate instruction. The studentfiled a complaint requesting injunctive relief, alleging that the action of the school authorities and the statutes upon which their action was based were unconstitutional and deprived himof the equal protection of the laws. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, 339 U.S. 637, 640 (1950). With him on the brief was Mac Q. Williamson, Attorney General. R(/LS S!|9Md(Bz_&zKCq(x, 2*V)Aac!:! In this case, the Court found that the State of Oklahoma had set the plaintiff student apart from the other students. The Supreme Court reasoned that, under the Fourteenth Amendments equal protection clause, state officials had the legal duty to treat the plaintiff in the same manner as students of other races. v 528. Citing our decisions in State of Missouri ex rel. The proceedings below are stated in the opinion. In McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, supra [ 339 U.S. 637, 70 S.Ct. 0000062061 00000 n 528. Civ. The experience needed for a good education could not be accomplished by physically separating McLaurin from his peers, and it disallowed him from working on many types of projects that involved one or more students, as well as participating in a discussion of any kind. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, 339 U.S. 637 (1950) Dist. 848. WebMcLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents Download PDF Check Treatment Summary holding that a state sponsored graduate school's disparate treatment of an admitted black See Sweatt v. Painter, ante, p. 629. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Reversing, the Supreme Court of the United States held that a state could not treat a student differently from other students on the basis of race as theFourteenth Amendmentprecludes such differences in treatment. It may be argued that appellant will be in no better position when these restrictions are removed, for he may still be set apart by his fellow students. He may wait in line in the cafeteria and there stand and talk with his fellow students, but while he eats he must remain apart. 24 chapters | Sweatt v. Painter (1950) - The Papers of Justice Tom C. Clark

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